Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Background: Chorangiosis is a rare vascular placental lesion characterized by excessive capillary proliferation within terminal villi. It is considered a marker of chronic fetal hypoxia and is strongly associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), maternal hypertension, anemia, diabetes, and smoking.

Case: We report a case of a 29-year-old multigravida who presented at 36 + 4 weeks for routine antenatal checkup with newly detected hypertension and ultrasound findings suggestive of asymmetrical IUGR. She underwent elective cesarean section at 37 weeks due to persistent elevated blood pressure and compromised fetal growth. Intraoperatively, the placenta revealed remarkable gross abnormalities including exaggerated chorionic vasculature, focal nodular vascular lesions, and thickened cotyledons. Histopathological examination confirmed chorangiosis.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of correlating placental morphology with clinical conditions such as IUGR and maternal hypertension. Early detection of placental insufficiency, combined with careful intrapartum management, plays a crucial role in optimizing fetal outcomes.